Why Should I Use Turned Parts?

Why should I use turned parts? The answer to this question is actually not at all complicated and difficult to answer. Turning is done in many areas of production, especially in the furniture sector. With the advancement of technology over time, turning is now much easier on lathes. In this way, maximum efficiency can be achieved with minimum manpower requirement. Thanks to the development of technology, heavy equipment has developed. Today, one of the most frequently used processes in the manufacturing sector, especially in the furniture sector, is the turning process. The process of removing chips by means of a cutting tool that moves linearly over a metal workpiece rotating around its own axis is called turning. The workbench where turning is done is called a lathe. Turned parts, also known as machined components, are made by the turning process. Typically, computer numerical control is used to carry out this operation (CNC). Turned parts have a number of advantages, including being easily configurable and time-saving due to the fact that they are frequently pre-engineered and easyto assemble. So we understand why we should use turned parts.

CNC Machine Lathe Parts

1. Body

2. Bench Milling Machine

3. Turret

4. Control Unit

Body Parts and Records

In CNC lathes, the bodies are manufactured from cast iron and as a single piece. The bodies are manufactured in two different structures as horizontal (parallel to the ground) and inclined. The body is manufactured as a horizontal bench, especially in small capacity CNC lathes and heavy-duty CNC lathes for educational purposes.

The first purpose of making the bench bodies as inclined benches (Slant Bed) is to give the bench a more rigid structure, and to position it quickly and precisely in axial movements. The second purpose is to quickly remove the chips from the cutting area with the ease of bonding and unwinding of the workpiece. This is because cast iron is inexpensive and complex body structures can be shaped more easily with cast iron.Another advantage is that cast iron has self-lubricating materials and vibration-absorbing materials due to its free graphite. Although steel construction is lighter and more durable than cast iron, it is not in demand in body manufacturing due to welding and coupling problems. In slippers and registries, they are hardened and blasted to achieve high precision. Surfaces are coated with PTFE (Polytetra Flouro Ethylene) to provide low friction.

CNC Lathe, Body, Record And Slides

Axial movements in CNC lathes are provided with the help of Ball Special Screws. Precise positioning is very important because axial movements are very fast, change in speed and direction, and stop suddenly. Screws used in conventional workbenches require both high power due to friction and over time, gaps (backlash) occur between the screw and the bolt nut due to friction. This negatively affects the precision of the CNC machine in positioning. For this reason, it is not suitable to use conventional screw transactional elements for CNC machines. Here, in order to eliminate this negativity, Recirculating Ball Screws are preferred according to the rolling motion instead of friction. The balls act as bolt nuts and rotate around the screw. The screw thread form is not completely round but in the form of a Gothic Arc (Gothic Arc). Thus, the opposing points of the ball touch, not all surfaces. As a result of the contact of two opposing points, friction is minimized, depreciation is eliminated and precise positioning is achieved.

Bench Milling Machine

In CNC machine tools, the design of the bench milling machine is the most important part of the machine in terms of precision. The smallest possible deviations in this area cause measuremental errors and deterioration of precision in the machine. This situation adversely affects the surface quality of the workpieces to be manufactured and the life of the cutting tool used. For this reason, the part of the bench milling machine protruding beyond the body is kept to a minimum.

Turret

This is another example of why we should use turned parts.In CNC lathes, the rotary units that the cutting tools are connected to are called turrets. They can be of different sizes in accordance with the structure of the workbench. Turret rotations are hydraulically or servo-controlled. Normal turning tools are mounted to the turret's surface, while drilling tools are mounted around the turret's tooth . This prevents the rear parts of the turret from colliding during rotation.

Control Unit

In CNC lathes, it is the unit in which the machine is controlled, the CNC program is written and operated manually, the system and parametric information of the machine are included. Control units consist of 2 parts. The first part is the section where the buttons , switches, or buttons related to bench movements are included .The second part is the part where the alphabetic and numeric keys are included. They are used for programming, editing, accessing system parameters, etc.